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Viral Diseases of Plants
Viral Diseases of Plants
Viral diseases are a major cause of crop losses worldwide. They can affect a wide range of plants, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and ornamentals. Viral diseases are caused by viruses, which are small, infectious particles that can only replicate inside living cells.
Symptoms of viral diseases can vary depending on the plant and the virus, but some common symptoms include:
- Mosaic: A pattern of light and dark green patches on leaves
- Stunting: Reduced plant growth
- Deformation: Abnormal leaf or fruit shape
- Yellowing: Leaves turning yellow or brown
- Necrosis: Death of plant tissue
Viral diseases can be spread in a number of ways, including:
- Insect vectors: Insects such as aphids, whiteflies, and thrips can carry viruses from plant to plant.
- Contaminated seed: Viruses can be transmitted through infected seed.
- Mechanical transmission: Viruses can be spread through contact with infected plant material, such as tools or equipment.
Once a plant is infected with a virus, there is no cure. However, there are a number of things that can be done to prevent viral diseases, including:
- Planting resistant varieties: Some plant varieties are resistant to certain viruses.
- Controlling insect vectors: Insecticides can be used to control insect vectors.
- Practicing good sanitation: This includes removing infected plants from the garden and disinfecting tools and equipment.
Here are some of the most common viral diseases of plants:
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV): TMV is one of the most well-known plant viruses. It can infect a wide range of plants, including tobacco, tomatoes, peppers, and cucurbits.
- Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV): TSWV is another important plant virus. It can infect over 800 plant species, including tomatoes, peppers, and ornamentals.
- Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV): CMV is a common virus of cucurbits, such as cucumbers, melons, and pumpkins.
- Potato virus Y (PVY): PVY is a major virus of potatoes. It can also infect other Solanaceous plants, such as tomatoes and peppers.
- Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV): CaMV is a virus of crucifers, such as cauliflower, broccoli, and cabbage.
Viral diseases can be a serious problem for gardeners and farmers. By understanding how to prevent and control viral diseases, you can help to protect your plants.
ANTI-VIRAL
Viricide
ANTI - VIRUS - Prevention & Control
Prevents / Controls Viral Infestation on plants like Mosaic Virus, Stunting, Mottling, Streaking, Ring-shaped Spots, Bark Scaling
Virus Infected plants show a range of symptoms depending on the disease but often there is leaf yellowing, leaf distortion, other growth distortions.
Common viruses are Tobacco mosaic virus, Tomato spotted wilt virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Potato virus Y, Cauliflower mosaic virus, African cassava mosaic virus, Plum pox virus, Brome mosaic virus, Potato virus X, Citrus tristeza virus, Barley yellow dwarf virus, Potato leafroll virus, Tomato bushy stunt virus.
Suitable for all Plants.
ANTI-VIRAL
Common Viral Diseases
- Curly top - in bean, beet, carrot, eggplant, flax, spinach, tomato, squash, carnation, delphinium, geranium, pansy, petunia, strawflower, and zinnia.
- Mosaic - in chilli, tobacco, cassava, beet, cucumber, and alfalfa
- Psorosis - in oranges, grapefruits, and tangerines
- Spotted wilt - in tomato
Common Viral Diseases of Plants
Common Viral Diseases of Plants
Tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD)
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a DNA virus that causes a destructive disease of tomato plants.
Leaves curl towards midrib and become deformed.
Stunted plant growth due to shortened internodes and leaves greatly reduced in size.
Flower buds abcise before attaining full size and anthers do not contain pollen grains.
The virus is generally transmitted by whitefly. So control measures of whitefly in this regard would be helpful.
Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV)
Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) is a DNA virus from the genus Begomovirus and the family Geminiviridae.
Leaves curl towards midrib and become deformed.
Stunted plant growth due to shortened internodes and leaves greatly reduced in size.
Flower buds abcise before attaining full size and anthers do not contain pollen grains.
The virus is generally transmitted by whitefly. So control measures of whitefly in this regard would be helpful.
Tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a plant virus that belongs to the genus Tobamovirus.
It is named so because it majorly infects tobacco plants, potatoes, tomatoes and other members of the Solanaceae family. The infection creates a mosaic like pattern, mottling and discoloration of the leaves.
Light green and dark green patches on the leaves.
Stunted plant growth during early stages.
Yellowing, chlorotic ring spots on leaves and fruits.
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
CMV is spread by aphids.
CMV affects many plants, including:
Edible crops: Alfalfa, apples, beans, celery, corn, cucumbers, figs, peppers, spinach, tobacco, and tomatoes
Ornamental plants: Abultilon, delphinium, gladiola, marigold, petunia, and roses
Flowers: Lilies, delphiniums, primulas, and daphnes
Symptoms of CMV include:
Distortion of foliage, Mosaic, Mottling, Stunting, Necrosis,
Yellow streaking and spotting on leaves, Ring-spots or line patterns on leaves or fruit, Flower color breaking
Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV)
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Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a plant virus that infects papaya trees and cucurbits. PRSV is transmitted by aphids.
It commonly affects Cucurbit, pumpkin, snake gourd, bitter gourd.
Symptoms of PRSV include:
Mosaic on papaya leaves
Dark-green blisters on papaya leaves
Leaf deformation
Symptoms on stem
Symptoms on fruit
Spotted wilt virus
Spotted wilt is a virus that causes stunted and bunchy plants. It's transmitted by the larvae of several species of thrips.
Spotted wilt affects tomatoes and more than 1,000 plant species, including: Peppers, Potatoes, Eggplants, Squashes, Lettuce, Onions, Spinach, Watermelons, Herbs like peppermint.
Symptoms: Brown, purplish, pale green, red, yellow, or white rings and spots in leaves, flowers, and fruit.
Long streaks in petioles and stems
Leaf yellowing, brown spots, and leaf deformity
Wilted and y
Citrus Psorosis Virus (CPsV)
Psorosis is a viral disease that affects citrus plants. It is most commonly found in older citrus plantings. The disease is transmitted through infected budwood, contaminated grafting tools, or root grafting from an infected tree to a healthy tree.
Symptoms of Psorosis in adult citrus trees include:
Bark scaling in the trunk and main branches
Gum accumulation below the bark scales
Wood staining
Vessel occlusion
The virus that causes Psorosis is called Citrus Psorosis Virus (CPsV).
Citrus Psorosis Virus (CPsV)
Curly top - in tomato, bean, beet, carrot, eggplant, flax, spinach, tomato, squash, cucumber, pepper, carnation, delphinium, geranium, pansy, petunia, strawflower, and zinnia.
The disease is caused by a virus transmitted by the beet leafhopper.
Symptoms include:
Upward rolling and twisting of leaves
Puckering
Yellowing of the plant
Thickened, yellowed, and bunched or curled leaves
Stunted or dwarfed plants
Early death of young plants
Distorted plant parts
The disease does not spread from one plant to an
Sunflower necrosis virus
Sunflower necrosis is a serious disease of sunflowers.
It's caused by a strain of tobacco streak virus (TSV). The virus is transmitted through mechanical sap inoculation from infected plants to healthy ones.
Sunflower necrosis can also be transmitted by thrips.
Symptoms of sunflower necrosis include: Mosaic symptoms, Necrosis, Vein swelling, Chlorosis, Sudden necrosis of part of lamina, Twisting of leaves, Systemic mosaic.
Sunflower necrosis can have adverse effects on sunflower yield, including:
Anti-viral Products
Viricide
ANTI - VIRUS - Prevention & Control
Prevents / Controls Viral Infestation on plants like Mosaic Virus, Stunting, Mottling, Streaking, Ring-shaped Spots, Bark Scaling
Main Ingredients: Woodfordia fruiticosa, Rhododendron ferrugineum, Calophyllum brasiliense, Fucus vesiculosus, Podophyllum peltatum, Berberis vulgaris, Azadirachta indica, etc.
Usage & Application: Dosage / Repetition : Use 3 Kg / per acre / per week
Application: Mix the organic powder 3 Kg in a 250 litres drum of water
Mix and leave overnight / Next day - FILTER with a gunny bag and use
Drip or Foliar: FILTER with a gunny bag, and use the liquid
Direct sprinkle: In case of bore, canal, sprinkler, flood, rainwater irrigation:
Mix 5 kgs of powder supplement with some wet mud or water, and sprinkle over the farm or farm bed
Drenching, Plants, Trees: Use the above liquid to drench your farm, plants, trees
Land Preparation: In case of preparing the land for ploughing: Mix 5 - 10 kgs / acre with mud, sprinkle all over the farm and plough land. Plant seeds / saplings after 1 week
Chilli Leaf Curl Virus - ChiLCV
Chilli Leaf Curl Virus
Gemini Virus, Murda disease, ChiLCV
PREVENTS, CONTROLS, REPELS, TREATS - CHILLI LEAF CURL VIRUS
Indicated in - Gemini Virus. Chilli leaf curl - Murda disease is the most destructive disease of chilli in India. Chilli leaf curl virus is transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and is a serious threat to chilli fields.
Common symptoms of the gemini viral infection in chilli crop are leaf curling, leaf rolling, wrinkling, scorchings of intravenous areas, Thickening and swelling of interveins and petioles. Gathering or crowding of leaves, stunted growth of the chilli plants. The infected leaves become leathery. Flower buds abscise before attaining full size and anthers do not contain pollen grains. This virus infects Chilli, Capsicum sp, Tomato and Amaranthus. ChiLCV has been responsible for several epidemics and causes severe economic losses.
Main Ingredients: Nepeta criteria, Piper methysticum, Alpinia galanga, Cimicifuga racemosa, Tanacetum vulgare, Melissa officinalis, Laurus nobilis, Calendula officinalis, etc.
Usage & Application: Dosage / Repetition : Use 3 Kg, per acre, every 10 days.
Application: Mix the organic powder 3 Kg in a 250 litres drum of water, Mix and leave overnight, Next day - FILTER with a gunny bag and use. Use 3 applications per month.
Drip or Foliar: FILTER with a gunny bag, and use the liquid for foliar spray.
Flood irrigation - Direct sprinkle: In case of bore, canal, sprinkler, flood, rainwater irrigation: Mix 3 kgs of powder supplement with some wet mud or water, and sprinkle over the farm or farm bed. Use once every 10 days. Use 3 applications per month.
Drenching, Plants, Trees: Can also use the above liquid to drench your farm, plants.
Land Preparation: In case of preparing the land for ploughing or pre seeding: Mix 5 - 10 kgs / acre with mud, sprinkle all over the farm and plough land. Plant seeds / saplings after 1 week